Skip to content

2026 ACG User Summit
September 20 – 22 | Orlando, FL
Register Now

Documents

Documents

Predictors of children’s healthcare use: the value of child versus parental perspectives on healthcare needs

Med Care 42:232-238. Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study […]

Comparing self-reported health status and diagnosis-based risk adjustment to predict 1- and 2 to 5-year mortality

Health Serv Res 42:629-643. Houston Center for Quality of Care and Utilization Studies, Health Services Research and Development Service, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, […]

Does the pharmacy expenditure of patients always correspond with their morbidity burden? Exploring new approaches in the interpretation of pharmacy expenditure

BMC Public Health 10:244. Aragon Health Sciences Institute, Zaragoza, Spain BACKGROUND: The computerisation of primary health care (PHC) records offers the opportunity to focus on […]

Influenza vaccination and all-cause mortality in community-dwelling elderly in Ontario, Canada, a cohort study

Vaccine 29:240-246. Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of influenza vaccines in reducing […]

Estimating influenza vaccine effectiveness in community-dwelling elderly patients using the instrumental variable analysis method

Arch Intern Med 172:484-491. Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada BACKGROUND: Estimates of influenza vaccine effectiveness in elderly individuals are largely from observational […]

Short-run associations between medical care expenditures and adherence to clinical practice guideline-based measures for diabetes

Value Health 3 Suppl 1:29-38. MEDSTAT Group, Inc., Ann Arbor, MI, USA OBJECTIVES: To estimate relationships between medical care expenditures in 1996 and adherence to […]

Prospects of Adjusted Clinical Groups (ACG’s) in capitated payment risk adjustment

Rev Esp Salud Publica 80:55-65. Published in Spanish. Dirección de Planificación y Desarrollo Organizativo, Badalona, Serveis Assistencials, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain BACKGROUND: Most patient classification systems […]

Trend and variation of prescription drug cost in the veterans health-care system

Health Serv Manage Res 21:14-22. Department of Veterans Affairs Healthcare Network Upstate New York, Albany, NY, USA Using descriptive statistics, this paper revealed that the […]

Validating the Adjusted Clinical Groups [ACG] case-mix system in a Spanish population setting: a multicenter study

Gac Sanit 23:228-231. Published in Spanish. Dirección de Planificación, Badalona Servicios Asistenciales, S.A., Badalona, Barcelona, España. PURPOSE: To validate the Johns Hopkins ACG case-mix system […]

Co-morbidity and health care utilisation five years prior to diagnosis for depression

A register-based study in a Swedish population. BMC Public Health 11:552. Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Family Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden BACKGROUND: Depressive […]

Modeling factors influencing the demand for emergency department services in Ontario: a comparison of methods

BMC Emerg Med 11:13. Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada BACKGROUND: Emergency departments are medical treatment facilities, designed to […]

Clinical outcomes after bariatric surgery: a five-year matched cohort analysis in seven US states

Obes Surg 22:749-763. Center for Health Care Research and Policy, MetroHealth Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA BACKGROUND: Bariatric surgery is the most […]

Treatment profiles and costs of patients with chronic pain in the population setting

Clinicoecon Outcomes Res 4:39-47. Dirección de Planificación, Badalona Serveis Assistencials, Barcelona, Spain BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to gather information about analgesic drug […]

Multi-institutional sharing of electronic health record data to assess childhood obesity

PLoS One 8:e66192. Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the validity […]

Comorbidity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in family practice: a cross sectional study

BMC Fam Pract 14:11. Multiprofessional Education Unit for Family and Community Care (South-east), Madrid, Spain BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is frequent and often […]

The contributions of First Nations ethnicity, income, and delays in surgery on mortality post-fracture: a population-based analysis

Osteoporos Int 24:1247-1256. Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada We examined the independent contributions of First Nations ethnicity and lower income to […]

My dad was not a prepaid group practice patient

Health Aff W4:70-72. Project Hope, Millwood, VA, USA The author’s father was a psychiatrist, a concerned citizen, and a Medicare patient. He died recently after […]

Keep it simple? Predicting primary health care costs with clinical morbidity measures

J Health Econ 35C:109-122. University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; University of York, York, UK Models of the determinants of individuals’ primary care costs can be […]

Impact of a high-deductible health plan on outpatient visits and associated diagnostic tests

Med Care 52:86-92. Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard Pilgrim Healthcare Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA BACKGROUND: By shifting a greater share of […]

Vitamin D, asthma prevalence and asthma exacerbations: a large adult population-based study

Allergy. Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel. BACKGROUND: The impact of low […]

Assessing Markers From Ambulatory Laboratory Tests for Predicting High-Risk Patients

ABSTRACT Objectives: This exploratory study used outpatient laboratory test results from electronic health records (EHRs) for patient risk assessment and evaluated whether risk markers based on […]

Profils de multimorbidite et caracteristiques demographiques – patients inscrits dans les groupes de medecine de famille de Montreal (GMF)

Montreal, QC, Canada: Montreal Health and Social Services Agency. Montreal Health and Social Services Agency, Montreal, QC, Canada La coexistence de plusieurs maladies chroniques est […]

Metformin use is associated with lower cervical cancer specific mortality

Radiation Oncology 93:S10. University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada Purpose/Objective(s): While meta-analysis has shown metformin use in diabetic patients […]

Impact of physician and center case volume on the adequacy of cardiac monitoring during adjuvant trastuzumab in breast cancer

2013 Breast Cancer Symposium. Abstract 128. J Clin Oncol 31 (suppl 26; abstr 128). University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, […]

Ambulatory Care Groups as a primary care patient classification system

Cuadernos de Gestión 6:19-24. Published in Spanish. Fundació Jordi Gol i Gurina, Barcelona, Spain No abstract

Adjusted Clinical Groups – an instrument to predict resource use: a population-based healthcare management tool

Gesundheits- und Sozialpolitik 1-2:8-15. Published in German. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA Advances in information technology, electronic billing, and diagnostic […]

Applicability of predictive risk groupers to MHS data model. Deliverable 8: interim analysis of results

Reston, VA, USA: AdvanceMed Corp. AdvanceMed Corp., Reston, VA, USA AdvanceMed Corporation, a DynCorp company, is supporting the TRICARE Management Activity (TMA) and its health […]

Risk adjustment for asthma: variations by methodology and implications for providers

Working paper: Informed Purchasing Series. Hamilton, NJ, USA: Center for Health Care Strategies. Center for Health Programs Development and Management, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, […]

From theory to application: the implementation of risk adjustment for Minnesota Medicaid

Minneapolis, MN, USA: Park Nicollet Institute, Minnesota Department of Health, Minnesota Department of Human Services. Park Nicollet Institute and Minnesota Department of Health, Minneapolis, MN, […]

Impact of continuity of care and provider factors on medication adherence in patients with hypertension

Baltimore, MD, USA: Johns Hopkins University (doctoral dissertation). Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM: Hypertension is one of the most common […]

Understanding approaches to case-mix assessment and case-mix adjustment

JHQ Online :W5-24 – W5-29. McKesson Medical Management Group, Newton, MA. Rising healthcare costs coupled with diminishing financial  resources are stimulating changes in the organization […]

Diabetes, gender and neighbourhood ethnicity: inequalities in healthcare resource utilization

Canadian Journal of Diabetes 33:281. Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC, Canada AIMS: Lower utilization of medical resources by immigrants are often observed in self-reported […]

Mortalidad por cualquier causa e incidencia de enfermedad cardiovascular en hipertensos con perfil tipo Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial en un ambito poblacional espanol

Aten Primaria 42:420-430. Published in Spanish. Dirección de Planificación, Badalona Serveis Assistencials S.A., Badalona, Barcelona, Spain OBJECTIVES: Mediterranean populations are traditionally considered to be associated […]

Development of a Medical Productivity Index for health insurance beneficiaries

Insurance Markets and Companies: Analyses and Actuarial Computations 2:7-15. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA In this paper, a Medical Productivity Index (MPI) is proposed […]

Des indicateurs de qualité à l’intention des professionnels et des gestionnaires des services de première ligne

Institut national d’excellence en santé et en services sociaux (INESSS). Rapport rédigé par Marie-Dominique Beaulieu, Marie‐Pascale Pomey, Brigitte Côté, Claudio Del Grande, Monia Ghorbel, Phuong […]

Social Housing in Manitoba

Winnipeg, MB, Canada: Manitoba Centre for Health Policy. Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, Winnipeg, MB, Canada The Manitoba Centre for Health Policy (MCHP) in conjunction […]

Kronik: Datafangst fra nyt system kan anvendes både administrativt og sundhedspolitisk

Ugeskrift for Laeger 176:380-381. Published in Danish. Syddansk University, Odense, Denmark

ACG System Predictive Models Overview

This document provides a high-level overview of how the predictive models within the Johns Hopkins Adjusted Clinical Groups® (ACG) System are designed and the factors […]

Morbidity Burden in Persons with Multiple Chronic Conditions

Morbidity Burden in persons with Multiple Chronic Conditions and Identification of inequitable resource use in Israel Dr. Efrat Shadmi Faculty of Social Welfare and Health […]

Application of ACGs to Medical Claim Records in Japan

Tokyo Medical and Dental University Application of the ACG System to Medical Claim Records in Japan Koichi Kawabuchi

Tuesday-Utilization-Chang

Johns Hopkins ACG System Consistent High Users: Characteristics and Identification Hsien-Yen Chang, PhD. Research Associate

Tuesday-Keynote III-Weiner

Johns Hopkins ACG System Risk Adjustment and Predictive Modeling in Health Reform Jonathan Weiner

Monday-Care Coordination I-Pollack

Johns Hopkins ACG System Innovations in Measuring and Managing Care Coordination Craig Pollack, MD, MHS

The future of integrated care in the NHS

The King’s Fund The Future of Integrated Care in the NHS Professor Chris Ham Chief Executive  

Monday(P1)-A New Day in Population Health Management: Innovations in Risk Adjustment and Predictive Modeling-Weiner

A New Day in Population Health Management: Innovations in Risk Adjustment and Predictive Modeling Welcome and Opening Remarks  Jonathan P. Weiner, DRPH Professor and CEO […]

Featured thumbnail
Reducing Readmissions

Is your hospital or health system interested in reducing readmissions? Turning data points into actionable insights is key to understanding and addressing the drivers of readmission rates. Learn more in this step-by-step instructional video.

Incident atrial fibrillation in the emergency department in Ontario: a population-based retrospective cohort study of follow-up care

CMAJ Open 3:E182. Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada BACKGROUND: Continuity of care has been shown to […]

Comprehensive preventive care assessments for adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities in Ontario – Part 2: 2003-2014

Objective To determine if there has been an increase in preventive care among adults with IDD as a result of the publication of the Canadian […]

Association between method of pelvic organ prolapse repair involving the vaginal apex and re-operation: a population-based, retrospective cohort study

Abstract Introduction and hypothesis Vaginal apical suspension is essential for the surgical treatment of pelvic organ prolapse (POP). We aim to evaluate whether the method […]

Patient-reported symptoms following mastectomy alone or lumpectomy plus radiation for early stage breast cancer: a cohort study

Abstract Purpose Studies examining symptom differences between surgeries for breast cancer patients rarely incorporate the effects of adjuvant treatment choice. We sought to understand differences […]

Rapid repeat pregnancy among women with intellectual and developmental disabilities: a population-based cohort study

Abstract   BACKGROUND Rapid repeat pregnancy within 12 months of a live birth is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. We evaluated the risk for rapid […]

Comparing Survey-Based Frailty Assessment to Medicare Claims in Predicting Health Outcomes and Utilization in Medicare Beneficiaries

Abstract   Objectives To assess two models for the prediction of health utilization and functions using standardized in-person assessments of frailty and administrative claims-based geriatric […]

Association of Care Management Intensity With Healthcare Utilization in an All-Condition Care Management Program

ABSTRACT Objectives: To identify care needs among Medicaid and Medicare patients in an all-condition care management program involving case managers (CMs) and community health workers (CHWs), […]

One-Year Mortality After Emergency Department Visit for Nonfatal Opioid Poisoning: A Population-Based Analysis

Abstract Study objective We aim to characterize the incidence and risk factors for opioid-related and all-cause mortality in the year after an emergency department (ED) […]

Colonoscopy resource availability and its association with the colorectal cancer diagnostic interval: A population‐based cross‐sectional study

Abstract Background Colonoscopy is a key resource used to diagnose colorectal cancer (CRC). This study evaluated the relationship between colonoscopy availability and the length of […]

Variation in care of patients with elderly-onset inflammatory bowel disease in Ontario, Canada: A population-based cohort study

Abstract Background Variation in health care, when not based on patient preference, may result in poorer care. We determined whether variation in health services utilization, […]

Mental Health Services Provision in Primary Care and Emergency Department Settings: Analysis of Blended Fee-for-Service and Blended Capitation Models in Ontario, Canada

Abstract Treating mental illnesses in primary care is increasingly emphasized to improve access to mental health services. Although family physicians (FPs) or general practitioners are […]

Impact of Frailty on Clinical Outcomes after Carotid Artery Revascularization

Abstract Objectives : Frailty has been increasingly recognized as an important risk factor for vascular procedures. To assess the impact of frailty on clinical outcomes and […]

Health Status of Females Who Experience Incarceration: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstract Background People who experience incarceration have poor health across a variety of indicators, but we lack population-level data on the health of females in […]

Concurrent hiatal hernia repair and bariatric surgery: outcomes after sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

Abstract Background Hiatal hernias are often repaired concurrently with bariatric surgery to reduce risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease–related complications. Objectives To examine the association between […]

Explanatory Ability of the ACG System Regarding the Utilization and Expenditure of the National Health Insurance Population in Taiwan—A 5-year Analysis

ABSTRACT Background The adjusted clinical group (ACG) is a diagnosis-based case-mix adjustment system, which has been widely evaluated in several countries other than Taiwan. The […]

Impact of Frailty on Clinical and Financial Outcomes Following Minor Lower Extremity Amputation: A Nationwide Analysis

Abstract Objective Frailty has been shown to portend worse outcomes in surgical patients. Our goal was to identify the impact of frailty on outcomes and […]

Predicting Future Health Risk in COPD: Differential Impact of Disease-Specific and Multi-Morbidity-Based Risk Stratification

Abstract Objective Multi-morbidity contributes to mortality and hospitalisation in COPD, but it is uncertain how this interacts with disease severity in risk prediction. We compared […]

A Population-Based Analysis of Long-Term Outcomes Among Older Adults Requiring Unexpected Intensive Care Unit Admission After Cancer Surgery

Abstract Background High-intensity cancer surgery is increasingly common among older adults. However, these patients are at high-risk for unexpected intensive care unit (ICU) admissions after […]

Pain and haemorrhage are the most common reasons for emergency department use and hospital admission in adults following ambulatory surgery: results of a population-based cohort study

Abstract Background Advances in healthcare delivery have allowed for the increase in the number of ambulatory surgery procedures performed in Canada. Despite these advances, patients […]

Intensive Use of Forensic Inpatient Services by People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities in Ontario, Canada: Prevalence and Associated Characteristics

Abstract Background People with intellectual/developmental disabilities (IDD) are reportedly intensive users of forensic inpatient services. Methods Using administrative data, we identified people with and without […]

Outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection in cancer versus non-cancer-patients: A population-based study in northeastern Italy

Abstract Introduction This study assesses the risk of infection and clinical outcomes in a large consecutive population of cancer and non-cancer patients tested for SARS-CoV-2 […]

The impact of frailty on adjuvant treatment in patients with head and neck free flap reconstruction—A retrospective study using two independent frailty scores

Abstract Objectives Reconstructive surgery may result in prolonged postoperative recovery, especially in frail patients, which in turn may impact delivery of adjuvant therapy. To date, […]

Health Care Utilization among Adult Survivors of Childhood and Adolescent Cancer in Ontario

Abstract Survivors of childhood and adolescent cancers are at increased risk for late effects including subsequent cancer, cardiotoxicities, and poor psychosocial health. Few studies have […]

Differences in health care costs between two social health support programs: findings from a randomized social health integration pilot program

Abstract Introduction More health systems are implementing strategies to understand and address patient social health, also known as social health integration. We examine the impact […]

Incidence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Hospitalization Among Adults in Ontario, Canada, 2017–2019

Abstract Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes substantial morbidity and mortality among adults. Given recent RSV vaccine authorizations, data on groups at highest risk are […]

Healthcare utilization patterns and costs related to neurofibromatosis 1 in Ontario, Canada

Abstract Background and objectives Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a multisystemic disease, characterized by cutaneous manifestations and peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Patients also have a […]

The effect of frailty on early postoperative outcomes of lobectomy for lung cancer in older adults – A United States National Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstract Introduction Pulmonary lobectomy represents the primary curative treatment for lung cancer in older adults, yet frailty’s impact on critical early postoperative outcomes remains inadequately […]

Comorbidities and Healthcare Utilization in 4197 Patients With Prurigo Nodularis in Israel: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Analysis

ABSTRACT Background Prurigo nodularis patients face a significant burden of comorbidities, necessitating a comprehensive approach to care. We aimed to explore the association between prurigo […]

Improving models to predict care utilization using machine learning: a retrospective observational study

Abstract Background: Use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) tools is now common in the advancement of healthcare services and clinical risk estimation. Legacy […]

External validation and head-to-head comparison of Eclipse-PRISM and Johns Hopkins ACG risk scores for predicting emergency admissions in an English older population

ABSTRACT Background Predictive risk stratification tools are widely used to support proactive care for older adults, yet head-to-head external validation within local English health systems […]

Regional variation in healthcare spending and mortality among senior high-cost healthcare users in Ontario, Canada: a retrospective matched cohort study

Abstract Background Senior high cost health care users (HCU) are a priority for many governments. Little research has addressed regional variation of HCU incidence and […]

Featured thumbnail
Seven Quick Wins (International Version)

Are you a provider, payor or population health organization looking for a quick tune-up to your existing strategy and planning? Then look no further. We […]

Featured thumbnail
Visualization & Use of the ACG System in the Military Health System

Presented by:David H. Carnahan, Colonel, USAF, MD, MSCE

Relation between surgeon volume and risk of complications after total hip arthroplasty: propensity score matched cohort study

BMJ 348:g3284. University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada OBJECTIVES: To identify a cut point in annual surgeon […]

Mothers of children diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: health conditions and medical care utilization in periods before and after birth of the child

Med Care 47:105-114. Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, Northern California Region, Oakland, CA, USA BACKGROUND: Analyzing health conditions and medical utilization of […]

Elective, major noncardiac surgery on the weekend: a population-based cohort study of 30-day mortality

Med Care 52:557-564. University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada IMPORTANCE: Previous research has demonstrated that patients undergoing elective […]

Multimorbidity in people with type 2 diabetes in the Basque Country (Spain): Prevalence, comorbidity clusters and comparison with other chronic patients

Eur J Intern Med 26:197-202. Basque Institute for Healthcare Innovation, Barakaldo, Spain; Osakidetza (Basque Health Service), Erandio, Spain; Department of Health, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; World Health […]

Predictors of hospital stay and home care services use: A population-based, retrospective cohort study in stage IV gastric cancer

Palliat Med 29:147-156. Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada; University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada; Queen’s University, Kingston, […]

How profitable is risk selection? A comparison of four risk adjustment models

Health Econ 11:165-174. Department of Health Services, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA To mitigate selection triggered by capitation payments, risk-adjustment models […]

Macrolide antibiotics and the risk of ventricular arrhythmia in older adults

CMAJ Western University, London, ON, Canada; London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES) Western, London, ON, Canada BACKGROUND: Many […]

A cross-sectional, population-based study of HIV physicians and outpatient health care use by people with HIV in Ontario

BMC Health Serv Res 15:63. Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada; University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research […]

Improved Survival in Patients with Viral Hepatitis-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Undergoing Recommended Abdominal Ultrasound Surveillance in Ontario: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study

PLoS One 10:e0138907. University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Ontario Institute for Cancer Research/Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute for Clinical Evaluative  Sciences, Toronto, ON, […]

What, if anything, does amenable mortality tell us about regional health system performance?

Healthc Policy 8:79-90. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada OBJECTIVES: Amenable mortality is proposed as a health system performance measure, and has been used […]

A chronic disease score with empirically derived weights

Med Care 33:783-795. Indiana University Department of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. Different types of medication prescribed during a 6-month period for the treatment and management […]

Assessing socioeconomic health care utilization inequity in Israel: impact of alternative approaches to morbidity adjustment

BMC Public Health 11:609. Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Israel BACKGROUND: The ability to accurately detect differential resource […]

Capitation and enhanced fee-for-service models for primary care reform: a population-based evaluation

CMAJ 180:E72-E81. Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada BACKGROUND: Primary care reform in Ontario, Canada, included the initiation of a blended capitation model […]

Variability in prescription drug expenditures explained by Adjusted Clinical Groups (ACG) case-mix: a cross-sectional study of patient electronic records in primary care

BMC Health Serv Res 8:53. Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain BACKGROUND: In view of rapidly increasing prescription costs, case-mix adjustment should be […]

The importance of comorbidity in analysing patient costs in Swedish primary care

BMC Public Health 6:36. Ryd Primary Health Care Centre, Linköping, Sweden BACKGROUND: The objective was to explore the usefulness of the morbidity risk adjustment system […]

Designing and using measures of quality based on physician office records.

J Ambul Care Manage 18:56-72. Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA This article presents our principles for developing performance measures to […]

Impact of managed care on prescription drug use

Health Aff 10:140-154. Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA Differences between the health services utilization patterns of persons enrolled […]

Socioeconomic status and the utilization of diagnostic imaging in an urban setting

CMAJ 173:1173-1177. Radiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: An inverse relationship exists between socio-economic status (SES) and osteoporotic fractures. In publicly […]